Affricate

Headword: affricate

A consonant that begins as a stop and releases as a fricative.

Also used as: affricates

Allophone

Headword: allophone

A phonetic variant of the same phoneme that does not change meaning.

Also used as: allophones

Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR)

Headword: ASR

The automatic conversion of speech into text.

Also used as: automatic speech recognition

Coarticulation

Headword: coarticulation

The influence of neighboring sounds on each other during speech production.

Diphone

Headword: diphone

A speech unit spanning the transition between two adjacent phonemes.

Also used as: diphones

Grapheme

Headword: grapheme

A written unit of a script, such as a consonant or vowel symbol.

Also used as: graphemes

International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)

Headword: IPA

A standardized system for representing speech sounds.

Also used as: International Phonetic Alphabet

Nasal

Headword: nasal

A sound produced with airflow through the nose.

Also used as: nasals, nasal consonant, nasal consonants

Normalization

Headword: normalization

The process of making text or audio consistent and standardized.

Also used as: audio normalization, unicode normalization

Phoneme

Headword: phoneme

The smallest contrastive sound unit in a language.

Also used as: phonemes

Phonetics

Headword: phonetics

The study of speech sounds as physical and perceptual events.

Phonology

Headword: phonology

The study of the sound system and sound patterns of a language.

Retroflex

Headword: retroflex

A place of articulation where the tongue curls back slightly.

Also used as: retroflex consonant, retroflex consonants

Romanization

Headword: romanization

Writing a non-Latin script using the Latin alphabet.

Schwa

Headword: schwa

A reduced vowel, usually written as ə in IPA.

Schwa Deletion

Headword: schwa deletion

The omission of an inherent or expected vowel in pronunciation.

Also used as: final schwa deletion

Segmentation

Headword: segmentation

The process of dividing text or audio into meaningful units.

Also used as: diphone segmentation

Syllable

Headword: syllable

A rhythmic speech unit centered around a vowel nucleus.

Also used as: syllables

Text-to-Speech (TTS)

Headword: TTS

The automatic conversion of written text into spoken audio.

Also used as: text-to-speech